Which immunophenotype is consistent with follicular lymphoma?

• A. CD19, CD10, and CD45
• B. CD3, CD10, and kappa light chains
• C. CD19, CD10, and surface immunoglobulins
• D. CD20, CD5, and BCL-6

Answer: (C)

Follicular lymphoma is a type of non-Hodgkin lymphoma that originates from B-cell follicles in the lymph nodes and is characterized by specific immunophenotypic markers. The correct immunophenotype associated with follicular lymphoma includes the presence of CD19, CD10, and surface immunoglobulins.

CD19 is a pan-B-cell marker that is expressed on all B-cells, making it an essential marker for identifying B-cell neoplasms like follicular lymphoma. CD10, also known as the common acute lymphoblastic leukemia antigen (CALLA), is a marker that is frequently expressed in follicular lymphoma, reflecting its germinal center origin. The presence of surface immunoglobulins is indicative of mature B-cells, further supporting the diagnosis.

In summary, the combination of CD19, CD10, and surface immunoglobulins provides a solid immunophenotypic profile characteristic of follicular lymphoma, marking it as a key factor in distinguishing this lymphoma from other types of lymphoproliferative disorders. This distinct profile is critical for pathologists and hematologists to confirm the diagnosis and guide treatment decisions.